Introduction

At Ratchaphruek Hospital, we understand the silent yet profound impact of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) on the health of Thai people. Often presenting without early symptoms, diabetes can unexpectedly escalate into severe complications such as cardiovascular diseases, renal failure, and retinal disorders. Notably, lifestyle factors such as obesity and insufficient physical activity significantly contribute to the increasing prevalence of diabetes among our population.

The Diabetes and Endocrine Centre at Ratchaphruek Hospital is dedicated to providing top-tier medical care and comprehensive management for individuals at risk of or diagnosed with diabetes. Our goal is to prevent the onset of severe diabetes-related complications while enhancing the overall mental and physical well-being of our patients. We aim for each individual to manage their condition effectively and lead a fulfilling life despite their diagnosis.

Who Should Be Concerned About Diabetes?

Individuals who may be particularly at risk include those with:

A family history of diabetes.
Overweight and obesity issues.
A sedentary lifestyle.
Gestational diabetes or delivery of a child weighing over 4 kg.
Existing conditions such as hypertension, high cholesterol, or vascular complications like paralysis and myocardial ischemia.
Symptoms such as unexplained weight loss, frequent urination, or excessive thirst.
A history of internal infections or use of steroid medications which can elevate blood sugar levels.

Comprehensive Care Beyond Diabetes

Our Centre does not solely focus on diabetes; we also specialize in a wide range of endocrine disorders. The endocrine system, crucial for regulating metabolism, can be affected by various disorders. We provide detailed diagnostic services and tailored treatment plans for conditions such as:

Thyroid Disorders: Including hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and thyroid nodules.
Pituitary Disorders: Such as prolactinoma and acromegaly.
Adrenal Disorders: Including conditions like Conn’s adenoma and Cushing’s syndrome.
Metabolic Syndrome: A cluster of risk factors that increase the likelihood of heart disease.
Osteoporosis: Particularly concerning for postmenopausal women.
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS): Commonly affecting overweight women, characterized by excessive hair growth and menstrual irregularities.

Diabetes Milletus (DM)

DM is a metabolic disease by which people cannot regulate the blood glucose (sugar) level. This can be due to insufficient insulin production or insulin resistance, so that glucose cannot be consumed as an energy source effectively, resulting in high blood glucose level, while extra glucose will be excreted in urine. High blood glucose levels may lead to acute or chronic complications.

Acute Diabetic Complication: High blood glucose with the presence of ketone in the body is a feature of diabetic ketoacidosis or hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS). Patients may present with nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, marked dehydration and even coma, which is a life threatening medical emergency.
Chronic Diabetic Complications: Persistent high blood glucose levels may lead to vascular and nerve damages, which in turn affect organ functions as followings:
Retinopathy – Diabetes is one of the leading causes, blindness may result if retinopathy gets worse.
Kidney Disease – Diabetes is one of the most common causes of renal failure, 20% to 40% diabetic patients suffer from it.
Heart Disease and Stroke – Diabetic patients are more likely to have heart disease and stroke.
Neuropathy and Peripheral Vascular Diseases – Symptoms like painful tingling sensation in legs, numbness and ulcers are commonly found in diabetic patients. Ulcers may easily become In serious case, amputation may be required. Consult a podiatrist when necessary.
Sexual Dysfunction – More than 10% of male patients suffer

Endocrine Diseases

Endocrine Diseases are related to malfunctioning of the endocrine system. Endocrine system comprises a number of endocrine glands which produce and release hormones to control important haemostasis, such as growth development, tissue function, metabolism, sexual function and reproduction. Our center provides diagnostic tests and management to patients with challenging endocrine diseases.

Thyroid disorder: Thyroid gland syntheses and secretes thyroid hormone which regulate our body metabolism. Common disorders of thyroid gland include hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism and thyroid nodule.
Pituitary disorder: Pituitary gland secretes the major types of hormones among all endocrine glands. Common tumors arising from pituitary gland include prolactinoma, growth hormone adenoma (acromegaly), Cushing’s disease and non-functioning pituitary adenoma.
Adrenal disorder: Adrenal gland secretes hormones to regulate the body fluid balance and osmolarity. Three main functioning adrenal tumors are Conn’s adenoma, pheochromocytoma and Cushing’s syndrome.
Metabolic syndrome: It refers to a cluster of metabolic risk factors including central obesity, high triglyceride level, low HDL-cholesterol, hypertension and diabetes, which increases the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Osteoporosis: Decrease of estrogen level will result in higher bone fracture risk in postmenopausal women.
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS): Majority of patients are obese and present with hirsutism (increase hair growth) and menstrual irregularity.

Doctors:

JEDSADA PANTHAWASIT, MD

KRAITHON THEERANUT, MD

WARATCHAMON WITAYAKOM, MD

SAKCHAI OPASMANAKID, MD

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